Take this Exam: AP Human Geography — cultural patterns and processes | Zestly

Question 1

Geographers classify religions as universalising or ethnic. What does that classification turn on, and what follows from it for where a religion is found?

Accepted Answer

Whether the religion seeks adherents among all people: those that do have diffused widely and are found far from where they began, while ethnic religions stay concentrated among a particular people and place

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Whether the religion has a founder who can be named: those with one spread widely, and those without stay local

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How old the religion is, since the older a religion is the more concentrated its distribution will have become

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Whether the religion has written scripture, since a text can travel where an oral tradition cannot

Question 2

When a minority group in the fictional province of Kaelen adopts the language and dress of the majority culture while completely abandoning their own traditional practices, which outcome has occurred?

Accepted Answer

Assimilation

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Syncretism

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Cultural relativism

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Acculturation

Question 3

A researcher describing the inheritance customs of the invented community of Oros sets out to understand why those customs make sense given the way Oros households hold land, rather than asking how they compare with the customs of the place where she grew up. Which stance is she taking, and what is the alternative to it?

Accepted Answer

Cultural relativism; the alternative, ethnocentrism, would judge the customs by the standards of her own society

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Ethnocentrism; the alternative, cultural relativism, would mean setting her own standards aside and approving of whatever she found

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Cultural relativism, which commits her to the conclusion that all customs are equally good

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Ethnocentrism, since describing another community's customs at all means measuring them against one's own

Question 4

In the invented city of Lindholm the street plan follows the bend of the river, the oldest quarter is built from a grey stone quarried in the hills nearby, the two tallest structures are a nineteenth-century mill chimney and a recent bank tower, and the cemetery on the hill carries inscriptions in a language nobody in the city now speaks. Taken together, what is a visitor reading here?

Answer

A cultural hearth: the place in which a set of cultural traits originated before spreading outward

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A folk culture region: an area whose practices are passed on locally rather than through mass media

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The cultural landscape: the visible imprint successive groups have left on a place, recording the materials they had, the work they did and what they thought worth building tall

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A toponym: the name a place carries, which often preserves the language of its earlier inhabitants

Question 5

Geographers often debate the impact of globalisation on local cultures. Which of the following best characterises the 'local adaptation' argument in this debate?

Answer

Globalisation only affects the economic sector, not cultural life

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Local communities often modify globalised influences to fit their existing practices

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Global flows inevitably erase all local cultural differences

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Local cultures are passive recipients of globalised practices