Take this Exam: AP Human Geography — political patterns and processes | Zestly

Question 1

In the invented state of Valora the government funds a national broadcaster in the shared language, and a recent census finds that most citizens say they feel Valoran before anything else. Meanwhile the two mountain provinces, which have a language of their own and hold most of the country's mineral wealth, complain that their taxes are spent on the capital. Which description fits?

Accepted Answer

The broadcaster and the shared sense of identity are centripetal forces, while the language difference and the grievance over taxes are centrifugal

Answer

All four are centripetal, since each of them is a feature of the state's own internal politics rather than of its relations with others

Answer

The two kinds of force are one thing seen from two sides, so every feature is centripetal for the centre and centrifugal for the region

Answer

Only deliberate government action can be centripetal or centrifugal, so the census finding and the tax grievance are neither

Question 2

The central government of the state of Orelia decides to transfer authority over education and local taxation to its three northern provinces to satisfy regional demands for autonomy. What process is this?

Accepted Answer

Devolution

Answer

Centralisation

Answer

Secession

Answer

Sovereignty

Question 3

The invented states of Arun, Belek and Corin form a supranational organisation with a common trade policy and a court whose rulings bind all three. What has each member given up, and what has it gained?

Accepted Answer

It has given up the freedom to act alone in the areas it agreed to pool, and gained a say in decisions that would otherwise have been taken without it

Answer

It has given up its sovereignty entirely, and is now in effect a province of a single larger state

Answer

It has given up nothing at all, since a state that remains free to withdraw has surrendered no authority

Answer

It has given up the power to make any law of its own, since the court's rulings now bind all three

Question 4

In the invented province of Zora the district boundaries are redrawn so that nearly every member of the invented Mera community falls inside one single district, which they then win by a wide margin, while in the six neighbouring districts they are too few to affect any result. What is this technique, and what is the alternative to it?

Answer

Packing; the alternative, cracking, would instead concentrate the Mera further still, so that they carried two districts rather than one

Answer

Neither, since the Mera win a district under this arrangement, and a community that wins a seat has not been disadvantaged

Answer

Packing; the alternative, cracking, would instead spread the Mera thinly across all seven districts so that they carried none of them

Answer

Cracking; the alternative, packing, would instead divide the Mera between several districts so that their votes were diluted everywhere

Question 5

In the eighteen-eighties an outside power drew a boundary across the lands of the invented Jora community, placing about half of them inside one new state and half inside another, neither of which they had taken any part in forming. A century later, Jora representatives in both states press for regional autonomy. Which classification and which consequence does this illustrate?

Answer

A subsequent boundary, since it was settled between two states that already existed on the ground

Answer

A superimposed boundary, whose disregard for where communities already were is a recognised source of later centrifugal pressure

Answer

An antecedent boundary, since it was drawn long before either state took its present form

Answer

A relict boundary, since the power that drew it no longer governs on either side of it