Take this Quiz: AP Biology Units 7–8 — selection and ecology | Zestly

Question 1

In a population of 500 Glip-glop beetles, 125 individuals exhibit the recessive trait of wingless bodies. Assuming the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of the dominant allele in this population?

Accepted Answer

0.50

Answer

0.25

Answer

0.75

Answer

0.86

Question 2

A small group of blue-feathered finches is blown to a remote island by a storm, establishing a new population. Over generations, the island population shows a significantly higher frequency of a rare feather-colour mutation than the mainland population. Which mechanism best explains this shift?

Accepted Answer

The founder effect

Answer

Directional natural selection

Answer

Stabilising natural selection

Answer

Gene flow

Question 3

Researchers observe that two species of cave-dwelling salamanders share a unique bone structure in their skulls, despite living in geographically isolated cave systems. Which of the following provides the strongest evidence that this trait is homologous rather than analogous?

Accepted Answer

The bone structure develops from the same embryonic tissues in both species.

Answer

Both species use the bone structure for the same function of jaw support.

Answer

The bone structure is found in unrelated surface-dwelling species as well.

Answer

The bone structure is absent in the common ancestor of both salamander species.

Question 4

An invented population of flowering plants is divided into two groups when a new mountain range rises between them. Over many generations the two groups come to flower at different times of year, so that even if the barrier were removed they could no longer pollinate one another. Which kind of speciation is this?

Answer

Sympatric speciation

Answer

Allopatric speciation

Answer

Adaptive radiation

Answer

Hybridisation

Question 5

In a meadow ecosystem, primary producers generate 10,000 kcal of energy. If the trophic efficiency between levels is 10%, how much energy is available to the tertiary consumers?

Answer

10 kcal

Answer

100 kcal

Answer

1,000 kcal

Answer

9,000 kcal