Take this Exam: AP World History — the world from 1450 to 1750 | Zestly

Question 1

What principally distinguished the mita, as operated in Spanish Peru, from chattel slavery in the Atlantic colonies?

Accepted Answer

The mita conscripted a rotating quota of men from communities for a fixed term, after which they returned; chattel slavery made a person property for life, with that status inherited by their children

Answer

The mita served private estates while chattel slavery served only mines

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The mita was entered into voluntarily under contract, while chattel slavery was administered by the state as a form of relief

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The mita operated in the Caribbean while chattel slavery operated in the Andes

Question 2

Enormous quantities of silver from the Americas and from Japan ended up in China during this period. What drove that flow?

Accepted Answer

Chinese taxes and commercial payments were increasingly required in silver, so the metal was worth more there than elsewhere and goods were sold to obtain it

Answer

European states shipped silver to China as tribute in exchange for permission to trade at Chinese ports

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Silver was too heavy to be moved profitably, so it accumulated wherever it happened to be mined

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China had no silver deposits of its own and needed the metal for ornament and temple use

Question 3

The Portuguese presence in the Indian Ocean in the sixteenth century and the Spanish presence in Mexico and Peru are usually treated as two different kinds of empire. What was the difference?

Accepted Answer

The Portuguese held fortified ports and tried to tax and control the shipping passing between them; the Spanish governed territory, populations and the labour and tribute drawn from them

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The Portuguese model was used only by Asian states and the Spanish model only by European ones

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The Portuguese conquered inland territory while the Spanish confined themselves to coastal trade

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The Portuguese empire covered a larger area, which is what the distinction records

Question 4

Why did the joint-stock company become the characteristic vehicle for long-distance trade in the seventeenth century?

Answer

It removed the need for charters and monopolies granted by rulers

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It allowed a merchant to trade without ever putting his own money at risk

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It let many investors each put in a portion of the capital and take a corresponding share of the return, so that the loss of a single voyage ruined nobody

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It exempted its members from taxation on goods brought into their home country

Question 5

In 1680 the Pueblo peoples of what is now New Mexico drove Spanish settlers and missionaries out of the province, and the Spanish did not return in force for twelve years. What does the episode show about Spanish rule there?

Answer

That Spanish colonial government invited periodic revolt as a means of testing the loyalty of its officials

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That colonial authority in a remote province rested on a thin and dispersed presence, and that suppressing Indigenous religious practice while demanding labour and tribute could unite communities that rarely acted together

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That Spanish control of its American territories was unchallenged, the revolt being confined to a single mission

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That the Spanish crown had already abandoned its claims north of Mexico by the later seventeenth century