Take this Quiz: AP World History — the world from 1450 to 1750 | Zestly

Question 1

The Ottoman, Safavid and Mughal states all expanded substantially between 1450 and 1750. What part did gunpowder weapons actually play?

Accepted Answer

Siege artillery brought down fortifications that had previously held out, and infantry with firearms was added to — not substituted for — existing cavalry armies

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They were adopted only after expansion was complete, as a means of defending existing frontiers

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They gave these states a monopoly of firearms, which their rivals lacked entirely

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They replaced cavalry entirely, since mounted troops were useless once firearms appeared

Question 2

The Qing were a Manchu dynasty ruling a population overwhelmingly Han Chinese, together with Mongols, Tibetans and others. How did they sustain their claim to rule?

Accepted Answer

By presenting the emperor differently to each constituency — as a Confucian sovereign to Han officials, a patron of Tibetan Buddhism, a Mongol khan — while keeping Manchu identity distinct

Answer

By abolishing the civil service examinations, so that no Han elite could accumulate standing within the state

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By requiring every subject to adopt a single state religion

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By imposing one legal and cultural code drawn from Manchu practice on every population alike

Question 3

What made sustained transoceanic voyaging possible for European states from the later fifteenth century?

Accepted Answer

Several things together — hulls and rigs able to sail against the wind, instruments for fixing latitude, accumulated knowledge of wind systems, and rulers willing to pay for voyages that might return nothing

Answer

The replacement of sailing ships by oared galleys, which did not depend on the wind

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A single decisive invention, the magnetic compass, which had not been available to earlier sailors

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Private merchant finance alone, since rulers regarded such voyages as too speculative to fund

Question 4

What was the principal demographic consequence of the biological exchange that followed 1492?

Answer

Populations in the Americas rose quickly, since introduced livestock greatly increased the food supply

Answer

Europe was largely depopulated by emigration to the Americas over the following century

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Populations grew evenly on every continent as medical knowledge circulated with the new trade routes

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Indigenous populations of the Americas collapsed as introduced diseases spread, while American crops later supported population growth across Afro-Eurasia

Question 5

Between the sixteenth and the nineteenth centuries, upwards of twelve million people were forcibly transported from Africa across the Atlantic and enslaved. Which statement best describes the economic logic behind that trade?

Answer

It supplied labour to the silver and gold mines of Spanish America, which absorbed the great majority of those transported

Answer

It arose from a shortage of European labour and ended once free migration across the Atlantic became practical

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It supplied permanent, hereditary, coerced labour to plantations growing sugar, tobacco and later cotton for European markets

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It was concentrated in the sixteenth century and declined sharply once territorial empires were established in the Americas