Take this Quiz: AP Psychology — biological bases of behaviour | Zestly

Question 1

A neuron's myelin sheath has been progressively damaged. Which of the following best describes the functional consequence?

Accepted Answer

Signals will travel along the axon more slowly, so communication with the next neuron is delayed.

Answer

The neuron will be unable to release neurotransmitters, because its synaptic vesicles can no longer fuse with the membrane.

Answer

The neuron will be locked permanently in its refractory period and will never fire again.

Answer

The neuron will fire more often, because damage to the sheath lowers the threshold for activation.

Question 2

A drug is developed to act as an antagonist at dopamine receptors. What effect does it have on communication at the synapse?

Accepted Answer

It occupies the receptor and prevents dopamine from binding, so dopamine's normal effect is reduced.

Answer

It speeds up reuptake, clearing dopamine from the synapse sooner than usual.

Answer

It prompts the sending neuron to release more dopamine into the synaptic cleft.

Answer

It occupies the receptor and reproduces dopamine's effect, making the receiving neuron more likely to fire.

Question 3

In an invented case, a man suddenly finds that speech comes out slowly and effortfully, in short broken phrases, although he follows everything said to him and becomes visibly frustrated at his own errors. Which brain region is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Broca's area

Answer

The amygdala

Answer

Wernicke's area

Answer

The hippocampus

Question 4

Which statement correctly contrasts the endocrine system with the nervous system?

Answer

The nervous system governs long-term growth, while the endocrine system handles immediate reflexes.

Answer

The nervous system signals with hormones, whereas the endocrine system signals with neurotransmitters.

Answer

The endocrine system produces faster and more immediate responses than the nervous system does.

Answer

The endocrine system sends hormones through the bloodstream, so its effects arrive more slowly and last far longer than neural signals.

Question 5

Walking home at night you hear a loud, unexpected crash behind you. Your heart rate climbs, your pupils widen and your mouth goes dry. Which part of the nervous system produced this pattern?

Answer

The enteric nervous system, regulating the gut

Answer

The parasympathetic branch, restoring the body to rest and digestion

Answer

The sympathetic branch, mobilising the body for sudden effort

Answer

The somatic nervous system, directing voluntary muscle movement