T Level Health: Urinary, Skin and Reproductive Systems and Cancer

This material covers the third part of the body-systems science in the core of the T Level in Health: the urinary, integumentary (skin) and reproductive systems, and the development of cancer. In the specification used for students starting from September 2026, this content belongs to the science paper, one of the two written exams that, with an employer-set project, make up the core assessment. The questions are written at Level 3.

For the urinary system you work through the nephron, from filtration at the glomerulus to final water reabsorption in the collecting duct, the route urine takes through the ureters, bladder and urethra, and osmoregulation explained with water potential and ADH. Chronic kidney disease is covered through its causes, including diabetes and high blood pressure, its effects on other systems and the choice between dialysis and a transplant. You also read a falling eGFR alongside a urine dipstick result.

For the skin you describe the epidermis, dermis and hypodermis and their functions, including vitamin D synthesis. Atopic eczema is treated as a weakened skin barrier combined with an overreactive immune response, managed with emollients, topical corticosteroids and avoidance of triggers, with attention to sleep and wellbeing.

For the reproductive systems you name the structures and explain how FSH, LH, oestrogen and progesterone control the menstrual cycle through negative feedback, and what falling oestrogen after the menopause means for bone density. Endometriosis is covered through its cause, symptoms and treatments. The cancer questions explain how mutations lead to uncontrolled division, how benign and malignant tumours differ, and how breast, prostate and lung cancer present and are treated, including active surveillance.

Most quiz questions are short scenarios in invented clinics and units. The flashcards hold the key terms. The written work has eight longer tasks, such as describing urine formation or comparing dialysis with a transplant, marked against key points. The exam is a conversation with an examiner who asks about one system or condition at a time and gives brief feedback at the end.

The questions are original practice material and do not predict what a particular exam will ask. The material is for study only and is not medical advice: anyone with symptoms should speak to a doctor, pharmacist or NHS 111.

• Describe urine formation in the nephron and explain osmoregulation using ADH and water potential
• Explain the causes, effects, monitoring and treatment of chronic kidney disease, including eGFR
• Describe the structure and functions of the skin and the causes and management of atopic eczema
• Explain the hormonal control of the menstrual cycle, the menopause and endometriosis
• Explain how cancer develops, distinguish benign and malignant tumours and outline treatment of breast, prostate and lung cancer

Practice material written by Zestly, based on the core content of the Pearson T Level Technical Qualification in Health specification (Version 1.2, July 2026, for students starting from September 2026), content area 9 (Further science concepts in health), sections 9.20 to 9.29. Not endorsed by Pearson or the Department for Education.